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单倍群N-M231

维基百科,自由的百科全书
(重定向自单倍群N
单倍群N
起源时间36,800 [95% CI 34,300–39,300] (YFull)

41,900 [95% CI 40,175-43,591] ybp[1][2][3]
共祖年代21,700 [95% CI 19,500–23,900] ybp (YFull[1])

25,313 [95% CI 21,722-28,956] ybp[3]
起源地东亚南部[4][5]
上游单倍群NO
对应突变M231

单倍群N-M231是一个Y染色体DNA单倍群,約距今兩萬五千前有共同祖先,与单倍群O共同源自单倍群NO,主要分佈在東亞,高頻分布于欧亚大陆最北部的烏拉爾人波羅的人雅庫特人等,推測於舊石器時代起源于东亚[6][7]

介紹

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单倍群N约2.5万年前分化出来,分出兩支N1-CTS833與N2-B482。[8][9]

主要分支N1-CTS833擁有兩個分支,N1a-F1206和N1b-F2930。N1a-F1206主要分布於東亞北亞歐洲等,分為N1a1-M46和N1a2-L666兩支。N1a1a1a1a1a-VL29主要分佈在歐洲等地,N1a1a1a1a1a1a-L550主要分佈在波羅的-斯拉夫語族人群等,N1a1a1a1a1a2-CTS9976主要分佈在芬蘭語支人群、萨米語支人群、彼爾姆語支人群、莫爾多瓦語支人群、馬裡人等,N1a1a1a1a3a2c-Z35331是布里亞特人的主要單倍群之一,N1a1a1a1a4-M1991是雅庫特人的主要單倍群。N1a2-L666主要分佈在東亞北亞等,N1a2a-F1101主要分佈在中國韓國等,N1a2b-P43主要分佈在烏戈爾語支人群(馬札兒人除外)、薩莫耶德人圖瓦人等。N1b-F2930主要分布於東亞等地,N1b1-CTS582主要分布在中國偏東部等,N1b2-M1819主要分布在中國偏西部和藏緬語族人群等。

N2-B482在歐亞大陸零星分佈。

单倍群N的历史迁移[6]


各民族的单倍群N比例

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各民族的单倍群N比例 地区
涅涅茨人 97.3% [10] 北亞
恩加納桑人 92.1% [10] 北亚
雅库特人 88.4% [10] 北亚
乌德穆尔特人 85.1% (Tambets 2004) 东欧
汉特人 28.6% [11]-80.6%(Karafet 2018) 北亚
科米人 33.3% (Kharkov 2012)-79.5% (Karafet 2018) 東歐
芬兰人 63.2% (Tambets 2004) 北歐
科里亚克族 33.3%(Karafet 2018)-59.2% (Lell 2001) 北亞
马里人 50.0% [12] 东欧
萨米人47.2% (Tambets 2004) 北欧
愛沙尼亞人 40.6% [12] 東欧
尤卡吉尔人 31.0% [13] 北亚
拉脫維亞人30.0% (Karafet 2005) 東欧
楚瓦什人 27.8%[14] 东欧
立陶宛人 25.0% (Purps 2014) 東欧
铁列乌特人 25.0% (Karafet 2018) 北亞
图瓦族 23.9% [15] 北亞
布里亚特人 20.2% [15] 北亚
鄂温克族 19.8% [10] 北亚
俄罗斯人 18.0% [12] 東欧
赫哲族 17.8% (Xue 2006) 東亞
锡伯族 17.1% [16] 東亞
鄂温人 12.9% [10] 北亚
哈尼族 11.8% (Xue 2006) 東亞
阿爾泰人 11.5% [17] 北亞
蒙古族 10.6% (Xue 2006) 東亞
卡尔梅克人 10.4% [18] 東歐
彝族 10.0% [19] 東亞
阿爾泰人 10.0% [17] 北亞
土家族 8.4% [20] 东亚
达斡尔族 7.7% (Xue 2006) 东亚
满族 7.1% [21] 東亞
汉族 6.8% [22] 東亞
鄂伦春族 6.5% (Xue 2006) 東亞
烏爾奇人 5.8% [23] 北亞
朝鲜人 5.5% [24] 東亞
乌克兰人 5.4% [25] 东欧
哈萨克族 5.3% (Ashirbekov 2017) 中亞
瑞典人 5.0% (FTDNA 2016) 北欧
维吾尔族 5.0% [26] 東亞
土耳其人 4.0% [27] 西亚
藏族 3.5% [28] 東亞
苗族 3.3% [20] 東亞
越南人 2.9% [29] 东南亚
壯族 2.9% [30] 東亞
挪威人 2.0% [31] 北欧
柯尔克孜族 1.9% [32] 中亚
日本人 1.3% [33] 東亞

系统树

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以下系统树主要基于ISOGG于2017年的分类。

  • NO-M214(NO)
    • N-M231(N)
      • N-Z4762/CTS11499/L735/M2291(N1)
        • N-L729/F1206(N1a)
          • N-M46/Page70/Tat(N1a1)
            • N-M178(N1a1a)
              • N-F1419(N1a1a1)
                • N-L708/Z1951(N1a1a1a)
                  • N-P298(N1a1a1a1)
                    • N-M2118(N1a1a1a1b)
                      • N-M2118*(N1a1a1a1b)
                      • N-M1982(N1a1a1a1b1)
                      • N-A9408(N1a1a1a1b2)
                    • N-L392(N1a1a1a1a)
                      • N-CTS10760(N1a1a1a1a1)
                        • N-B479(N1a1a1a1a1c)
                        • N-PH1266/Y28526/F4134(N1a1a1a1a1b)
                        • N-CTS2929/VL29(N1a1a1a1a1a)
                          • N-Z4908(N1a1a1a1a1a1)
                            • N-L550/S431(N1a1a1a1a1a1a)
                              • N-B215/L1025(N1a1a1a1a1a1a1)
                          • N-CTS9976(N1a1a1a1a1a2)
                      • N-Z1936(N1a1a1a1a2)
                        • N-Z1928/CTS2733(N1a1a1a1a2a)
                          • N-Z1925(N1a1a1a1a2a)
                            • N-Z1926(N1a1a1a1a2a2a1a1)
                          • N-PH3340/Y13850(N1a1a1a1a2a1c)
                            • N-L1034(N1a1a1a1a2a1c1)
                            • N-Y24361(N1a1a1a1a2a1c2)
                      • N-B197/Y16323(N1a1a1a1a3)
                        • N-F4205(N1a1a1a1a3a)
                        • N-B202(N1a1a1a1a3b)
                  • N-B211(N1a1a1a2)
                    • N-BY10355(N1a1a1a2a)
                      • N-B180(N1a1a1a2a1)
                      • N-BY10361/Y23469(N1a1a1a2a2)
                    • N-B181(N1a1a1a2b)
                      • N-CTS4556(N1a1a1a2b1)
                      • N-B229(N1a1a1a2b2)
                        • N-B230(N1a1a1a2b2a)
                        • N-B231(N1a1a1a2b2b)
              • N-Y24317(N1a1a1a2b2b)
                • N-B187(N1a1a2)
              • N-F4063/P83(N1a1a3)
                • N-Y9641.2/Z8835.2(N1a1a3a)
                • N-Y125664(N1a1a3b)
          • N-F1008/L666(N1a2)
            • N-M128(N1a2a)
              • N-F710(N1a2a1)
              • N-CTS1350(N1a2a2)
            • N-B523/P43(N1a2b)
              • N-P63(N1a2b1)
                • N-B168(N1a2b1a)
                • N-B169(N1a2b1b)
                  • N-B170(N1a2b1b1)
                  • N-B175(N1a2b1b2)
              • N-FGC10872/Y3195(N1a2b2)
                • N-FGC10847/Y3185(N1a2b2a)
                  • N-VL97/Z35068(N1a2b2a1)
                • N-Y23786(N1a2b2b)
                  • N-B528/Y24384(N1a2b2b1)
              • N-B525(N1a2b3)
        • N-F2930/M1881/V3743(N1b)
          • N-CTS582(N1b1)
            • N-Y6374/Z8029(N1b1a)
              • N-CTS7324(N1b1a1)
                • N-CTS142(N1b1a1a)
                • N-CTS39(N1b1a1b)
              • N-L272(N1b1a2)
                • N-CTS304(N1b1a2a)
                • N-F4208(N1b1a2b)
                  • N-Y15972(N1b1a2b1)
            • N-CTS962(N1b1b)
              • N-CTS1016(N1b1b1)
          • N-M1819(N1b2)
      • N-Y6503/B482(N2)

其他

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人类Y染色体DNA单倍型类群进化树

Y染色体最近共同祖先
A
A1b A1a-T
A1a A2-T
A2 A3 BT
B CT
DE CF
D E C F
G H IJK
IJ K
I J LT K(xLT)
L T M NO P S
O N Q R

各族群Y染色体单倍型类群 · 著名的Y染色體單倍型類群人

参考文献

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