English: The Gramme machine or Gramme dynamo, an electrical generator designed by Belgian inventor Zénobe Gramme in 1871. It was the first machine to be used industrially to generate power. His innovation was to use many armature windings, wound on a doughnut shaped armature, and switched with a many segmented commutator, to smooth the output waveform, producing nearly constant DC power. This shows a hand cranked model from the 1870s designed for use in laboratories, it's output was equivalent to "eight ordinary Bunsen elements [batteries]". It used laminated permanent magnets invented by Jamin.