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戰術數位資訊鏈路

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美國海軍TADIL終端機
陸戰TADIL資產調度畫面

戰術數位資訊鏈路(TADIL)是一種美軍傳遞資料的系統(数据链路標準,以無線電波電纜提供由美軍北約國家使用的通信溝通),能將各種敵人位置,我方位置等等「戰場景圖」資料簡單轉換成統一格式再快速傳遞接收,提供美軍(海陸空三軍)的許多指揮管制系統使用。原為所有軍事上的C3系統(今C4ISR)運用TDL標準進行傳輸,中繼和接收戰術數據。這個系統的許多部份都需要電腦輔助。北約盟國以及日本也有使用此系統之一部分,並且使用簡單代號稱呼此系統。每一個此類鏈路都是由美軍聯合參謀首長核准的標準通訊鏈路,能夠傳送機器可判讀的數位資訊。此類鏈路又可分為以下幾種:

沒有使用戰術數位資訊鏈路或類似系統的單位,敵人位置,我方位置等等資料是由無線電操作員口傳。

術語演變

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軍事術語「戰術數位資訊鏈(英語:Tactical Digital Information Link,TADIL)」如今已經過時(根據DISA英语Defense Information Systems Agency指南),現在改為更常見的「戰術資料鏈(英語:Tactical Data Link,TDL)」。

北約戰術資料鏈標準

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參見標準化協議

戰術資料鏈鏈路概要

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Link
No
STANAG Working Title Final title / description Communi-
cation
Gene-
ration
Comments
1 5501 NATO data link between
Air Defence Main Control Centres
Link 1
Tactical Data Exchange for Air Defence
Point to Point 1st
S–Series
Ground Link between NADGE entities limited and not secure
2 Radar to Control Centre Data Link 1st Cancelled (includes in Link 1)
3 Control Centre to higher HQ Data Links SHOC Early Warning System Point to Point 1st Slow Speed Warning Link from evaluation centres to SHAPE
4 5504 Ground to Air Data Link Link 4
TDL for the Control of 军用航空器
Point to Point 1st
C/R–Series
Compatible to US TADIL–C to be operated in NATO 特高頻UHF (225–400 MHz) 射頻RF band
5 Fast HF Automatic Link 廣播 1st Cancelled (see Link 11)
6 5506
(Draft)
Missile Base to Control Centre Link Link 6 –
(NADGE Link) SAM Automatic Data Link
Point to Point 1st Draft STANAG (US MBDL, ATDL–1, PADIL)
7 5507
(Draft)
ATC / Defence Link Link 7 –
TDL for ATC
Point to Point 1st
8 HF Automatic Link Broadcast 1st Cancelled (see Link 1)
9 SOC / 軍用機場 Link 1st
10 5510 Ship – Ship Link Link 10 – Maritime
Tactical Data Exchange
Broadcast 2nd
M–Series
STANAG cancelled (was used by BE, NL and UK)
11 5511 Fast HF Automatic Link Link 11
Maritime Tactical Data Exchange
Broadcast 2nd
M–Series
Compatible to US TADIL–A to be operated in the HF & NATO UHF RF bands
11B 5511
(Vol. II)
Link 11B –
Tactical Data Exchange
Point to Point 2nd
M–Series
Compatible to the US TADIL–B Ground to Ground TDL
12 Fast HF Automatic Link Cancelled (see Link 11)
13 HF Automatic Link Broadcast Cancelled (see Link 11)
14 5514 Slow Semi–Automatic Link Link 14 –
Maritime TDL
Broadcast 1st
D/M/S/E–Series
Ship–Ship & Ship–Shore (only few applications)
15 Slow Semi–Automatic Link Ship–Ship, Cancelled
16 5516 High Capacity, ECM Resistant, Multifunctional, TDMA Link Link 16
ECM Resistant Tactical Data Exchange
Broadcast 3rd
J–Series
Compatible to US TADIL–J
(STANAG 4175 – Technical Characteristics of MIDS英语Multifunctional Information Distribution System)
21 5521
(Draft)
Link in support of ACCS – (LISA) Point to Point 3rd
J–Series
Under development (planned to replace Link 1 and Link 11B)
22 5522
(Draft)
NATO Improved Link 11 – (NILE) Link 22 3rd
J–Series
Under development (planned to replace Link 11)
5601 Standard for 介面 of Data Links 1, 11, 11B, and 14 through a 緩衝器 see AdalP 12
5602 Standard Interface for Multiple Platform Link Evaluation (SIMPLE)英语SIMPLE (military communications protocol) Enables transmission of J-Series (TADIL-J) messages over 网际协议-based protocols
MIL-STD-6020 5616 Standard for data forwarding between tactical data systems employing Links 11/11B and tactical data systems employing Link 16 MIL-STD-6020, DoD Interoperability Standard: Data Forwarding between TDLs
IJMS ECM Resistant Communication System (ERCS) IJMS英语Joint Tactical Information Distribution System – Interim JTIDS英语Joint Tactical Information Distribution System/MIDS英语Multifunctional Information Distribution System Message Specification Broadcast 2nd, M–Series Interim Data Link Standard to be replaced by Link 16
SADL Situational Awareness Data Link SADL – Situational Awareness Data Link Broadcast 1st, K-Series
2nd, K/J–Series
Data link adopted from EPLRS to provide A-10s and F-16s data link capability air-to-ground and air-to-air

参考文献

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外部連結

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