樁菇屬

網褶菌屬
	卷缘桩菇
科学分类
界：	真菌界 Fungi
门：	担子菌门 Basidiomycota
纲：	傘菌綱 Agaricomycetes
目：	牛肝菌目 Boletales
科：	網褶菌科 Paxillaceae
属：	網褶菌屬 Paxillus; Fr. (1835)
模式種
	卷缘桩菇 Paxillus involutus; (Batsch) Fr. (1838)
異名
	Ruthea Opat. (1836); Rhymovis Pers. ex Rabenh. (1844); Paxillopsis E.-J.Gilbert (1931); Parapaxillus Singer (1942);

樁菇屬（學名：Paxillus，意為小型的木樁^[2]），是牛肝菌目網褶菌科的一個屬。本屬物種生長在土讓或腐木上，有些物種具有蕈柄，有些則無。有別於典型牛肝菌目物種，網褶菌科的物種具有蕈褶，其中本屬的蕈褶常沿蕈柄向下延伸，且容易與蕈傘分離。蕈傘初長成時邊緣會稍微往內捲曲。孢子印顏色為黃棕色至橄欖黃色，擔孢子表面平滑^[3]。本屬多數物種有毒而不可食用，其中模式種卷缘桩菇過去在中歐、東歐被認為是可食的，後來才發現其毒性足以致命^[2]。

樁菇屬的物種常與樹木形成外菌根（英语：ectomycorrhiza），是最常被用來研究外菌根的模式生物之一，其中又以卷缘桩菇為大宗。卷缘桩菇與绒毛桩菇（英语：Paxillus rubicundulus）的基因組均已被完整定序^[4]。

物種

截至2018年10月，真菌資料庫Index Fungorum共記錄了本屬38種物種^[5]^[6]。

Paxillus albidulus
亚马逊桩菇 Paxillus amazonicus
Paxillus ammoniavirescens
奥尔桩菇（瑞典语：Paxillus atraetopus） Paxillus atraetopus
Paxillus brunneotomentosus
Paxillus chalybaeus
Paxillus coffeaceus
Paxillus defibulatus
Paxillus fasciculatus
Paxillus fechtneri
丝桩菇 Paxillus filamentosus
Paxillus guttatus
Paxillus gymnopus
Paxillus hortensis
Paxillus ianthinophyllus
卷缘桩菇 Paxillus involutus，卷边桩菇
Paxillus ionipus
Paxillus leoninus
Paxillus maculatus
Paxillus minutesquamulosus
Paxillus obscurisporus
Paxillus ochraceus
东方桩菇 Paxillus orientalis^[7]
Paxillus pahangensis
Paxillus piperatus
Paxillus polychrous
皱褶桩菇 Paxillus rhytidophyllus
Paxillus robiniae
绒毛桩菇（英语：Paxillus rubicundulus） Paxillus rubicundulus
Paxillus scleropus
Paxillus serbicus
Paxillus squamosus
Paxillus validus
Paxillus velenovskyi
Paxillusvernalis
滇桩菇 Paxillus yunnanensis
Paxillus zerovae

參考資料

^ Paxillus Fr. 1835. MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [201-7-01].
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Smith AH, Weber NS. The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. 1980: 211. ISBN 978-0-472-85610-7.
^ Alan Bessette, Arleen Rainis Bessette, David William Fischer. Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse University Press. 1997: 219 [2018-10-21]. ISBN 0815603886. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）.
^ Jargeat P, Chaumeton JP, Navaud O, Vizzini A, Gryta H. The Paxillus involutus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) complex in Europe: Genetic diversity and morphological description of the new species Paxillus cuprinus, typification of P. involutus s.s., and synthesis of species boundaries 118 (1). Fungal Biology: 12-31. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.10.008.
^ Kirk PM. Species Fungorum (version 26th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. [2015-05-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）.
^ 譯名參考：中国生物多样性红色名录—大型真菌卷 (PDF). 中国科学院生态环境部: 288. 2018-05 [2018-10-21]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-09-12）.
^ Matteo Gelardi, Alfredo Vizzini, Egon Horak, Enrico Ercole, Samuele Voyron, Gang Wu. Paxillus orientalis sPaxillus nov. (Paxillaceae, Boletales) from south-western China based on morphological and molecular data and proposal of the new subgenus Alnopaxillus 13 (2). Mycological Progress: 333-342. doi:10.1007/s11557-013-0919-1.

[urlMycoBank:_Paxillus-1] Paxillus Fr. 1835. MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [201-7-01].

[Smith1980-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Smith AH, Weber NS. The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. 1980: 211. ISBN 978-0-472-85610-7.

[3] Alan Bessette, Arleen Rainis Bessette, David William Fischer. Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse University Press. 1997: 219 [2018-10-21]. ISBN 0815603886. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）.

[4] Jargeat P, Chaumeton JP, Navaud O, Vizzini A, Gryta H. The Paxillus involutus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) complex in Europe: Genetic diversity and morphological description of the new species Paxillus cuprinus, typification of P. involutus s.s., and synthesis of species boundaries 118 (1). Fungal Biology: 12-31. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.10.008.

[Fungorum/CoL-5] Kirk PM. Species Fungorum (version 26th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. [2015-05-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）.

[6] 譯名參考：中国生物多样性红色名录—大型真菌卷 (PDF). 中国科学院生态环境部: 288. 2018-05 [2018-10-21]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-09-12）.

[7] Matteo Gelardi, Alfredo Vizzini, Egon Horak, Enrico Ercole, Samuele Voyron, Gang Wu. Paxillus orientalis sPaxillus nov. (Paxillaceae, Boletales) from south-western China based on morphological and molecular data and proposal of the new subgenus Alnopaxillus 13 (2). Mycological Progress: 333-342. doi:10.1007/s11557-013-0919-1.

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