石莼属

石莼属
	海莴苣 Ulva lactuca
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
门：	绿藻门 Chlorophyta
纲：	石莼纲 Ulvophyceae
目：	石莼目 Ulvales
科：	石莼科 Ulvaceae
属：	石莼属 Ulva; Linnaeus, 1753
物种
	见正文
异名
	Enteromorpha Link, 1820; Phycoseris Kützing, 1843; Tubularia Roussel, 1806;

石莼属（学名：Ulva），为石莼科下的大型多细胞片状体或管状体的藻类，其广泛分布于世界各个海岸。生活史中有双倍体和单倍体的配子体世代交替现象。海莴苣是多细胞绿藻的代表。石莼目中的浒苔属（Enteromorpha）和礁膜属（Monostroma）与该属相近。^[1]

一些海洋生物以石莼属植物为食，比如海牛、海蛞蝓、海兔等。在一些地区，一些种类的石莼属也可作为人类食物来源，其中包括斯堪地纳维亚半岛、英格兰、爱尔兰、中国、日本。其主要用于制作沙拉或者汤料。其含有大量的蛋白质、膳食纤维、维生素、矿物质（特别是铁元素）^[2]。

种属

石莼属下包括以下种：

Ulva angusta Setchell & Gardner, 1920
Ulva aragoensis (Bliding) Maggs, 2018
Ulva ardreana M.Cormaci, G.Furnari & G.Alongi, 2013
Ulva australis Aresch.
Ulva belangeri (Mont.) De Toni, 1889
Ulva blyttii Areschoug
Ulva californica Wille, 1899
Ulva chaetomorphoides (Børgesen) Hayden et al.
Ulva chaugulii ^[3]
Ulva clathrata (Roth) C.Agardh
Ulva compressa L.
Ulva conglobata Kjellman, 1897
Ulva costata
Ulva crassa Kjellman
Ulva croatica Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari, 2014
Ulva curvata (Kütz.) De Toni
Ulva dactylifera Setch. & Gardn.
Ulva delicatula Gunnerus
Ulva enteromorpha Le Jolis
Ulva expansa
裂片石莼 Ulva fasciata
Ulva fenestrata
Ulva flexuosa Wulfen
Ulva gigantea (Kützing) Bliding, 1969
Ulva godeyi Brébisson
Ulva gracillima (G.S.West) Škaloud & Leliaert, 2018
Ulva hookeriana (Kütz.) Hayden et al.
Ulva hopkirkii (M'Calla ex Harvey) P.Crouan & H.Crouan
肠浒苔 Ulva intestinalis L.
Ulva intestinaloides (Koeman & Hoek) H.S.Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, Stanhope & Waaland
Ulva kanagawae ^[4]
Ulva kylinii (Bliding) H.S.Hayden, J.Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland
海莴苣 Ulva lactuca L.^[3]
Ulva laetevirens Aresch.
Ulva lanceolata Linnaeus
Ulva lapathifolia (Kützing) De Toni
Ulva latissima Gunnerus
Ulva linza L.
Ulva linzoides Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari, 2014
Ulva lobata (Kutz.) S. & G.
Ulva multiramosa E.Taskin
Ulva ohnoi M.Hiraoka & S.Shimada^[3]
Ulva olivacens
孔石莼 Ulva pertusa Kjellman
Ulva polyclada Kraft, 2007
Ulva procera (K.Ahlner) H.S.Hayden, J.Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland
浒苔 Ulva prolifera O.F.Müll.
Ulva pseudocurvata Koeman & C.Hoek
Ulva pseudolinza (Koeman & C.Hoek) H.S.Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, Stanhope & Waaland
Ulva pseudorotundata M.Cormaci, G.Furnari & G.Alongi
Ulva radiata (J.Agardh) H.S.Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland, 2003
Ulva radiata J.Agardh
Ulva ralfsii (Harv.) Le Jol.
Ulva ranunculata Kraft & A.J.K.Millar, 2000
Ulva reticulata Forsskal, 1775
Ulva rigid C.Agardh
Ulva rigida C.Agardh
Ulva rotundata Bliding, 1968
Ulva sapora ^[5]
Ulva scandinavica Bliding
Ulva schousboei Bornet, 1892
Ulva simplex (K.L.Vinogr.) H.S.Hayden, J.Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland
Ulva sordida Areschoug
Ulva splitiana Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari, 2014
Ulva stenophylla
Ulva stipitata Areschoug
Ulva taeniata
Ulva tenera Kornmann & Sahling
Ulva torta (Mertens) Trevisan
Ulva tuberosa Palisot de Beauvois
Ulva uncialis (Kütz.) Mont., 1850
Ulva vexata

归入本属的物种：

Enteromorpha arctica J.Agardh
Enteromorpha aureola (C.Agardh) Kützing
Enteromorpha bayonnensis P.J.L.Dangeard, 1962
Enteromorpha canaliculata Batters
Enteromorpha coziana P.J.L.Dangeard, 1962
Enteromorpha crinata (Roth) J Agardh
Enteromorpha cruciata
Enteromorpha groenlandica
Enteromorpha hendayensis P.J.L.Dangeard & H.Parriaud, 1960
Enteromorpha juergensii Kützing
Enteromorpha microphylla Foslie
Enteromorpha multiramosa Bliding
Enteromorpha musciformis P.J.L.Dangeard, 1962
Enteromorpha robertii-lamii H.Parriaud, 1961
Enteromorpha sanctijoannis P.J.L.Dangeard, 1960
Phycoseris plicata (Muell.) Kützing

参考文献

^ 吴相钰; 陈守良; 葛明德. 陈阅增普通生物学 4. 高等教育出版社. 2014. ISBN 9787040396317.
^ 海洋植物：石莼（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Mudassar Anisoddin Kazi, Monica G. Kavale & Veerendra V. Singh (2016) Morphological and molecular characterization of Ulva chaugulii sp. nov., U. lactuca and U. ohnoi (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) from India, Phycologia, 55:1, 45-54, DOI: 10.2216/15-11.1
^ Victor Andrei Rodrigues Carneiro, Nuno Tavares Martins, Sebastiana Lidielda Albuquerque da Silva, Maria Beatriz de Barros-Barreto, Sonia Barreto Pereira & Valéria Cassano (2023) Revealing the diversity of the genus Ulva (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in southeastern Brazil, with a description of Ulva kanagawae sp. nov., Phycologia, 62:5, 407-420, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2243433
^ Julie A. Phillips, Rebecca J. Lawton, Rocky Denys, Nicholas A. Paul & Christina Carl (2016) Ulva sapora sp. nov., an abundant tubular species of Ulva (Ulvales) from the tropical Pacific Ocean, Phycologia, 55:1, 55-64, DOI: 10.2216/15-114.1

外部链接

C. Tanner & Robert Wilkes. Ulva Linnaeus 1753: 1163. AlgaeBase. 2005-02-17 [2010-01-19]. （原始内容存档于2007-02-10）.
BBC新闻法国海岸的有毒海藻（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] 吴相钰; 陈守良; 葛明德. 陈阅增普通生物学 4. 高等教育出版社. 2014. ISBN 9787040396317.

[2] 海洋植物：石莼（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[Kazi-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Mudassar Anisoddin Kazi, Monica G. Kavale & Veerendra V. Singh (2016) Morphological and molecular characterization of Ulva chaugulii sp. nov., U. lactuca and U. ohnoi (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) from India, Phycologia, 55:1, 45-54, DOI: 10.2216/15-11.1

[4] Victor Andrei Rodrigues Carneiro, Nuno Tavares Martins, Sebastiana Lidielda Albuquerque da Silva, Maria Beatriz de Barros-Barreto, Sonia Barreto Pereira & Valéria Cassano (2023) Revealing the diversity of the genus Ulva (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in southeastern Brazil, with a description of Ulva kanagawae sp. nov., Phycologia, 62:5, 407-420, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2243433

[5] Julie A. Phillips, Rebecca J. Lawton, Rocky Denys, Nicholas A. Paul & Christina Carl (2016) Ulva sapora sp. nov., an abundant tubular species of Ulva (Ulvales) from the tropical Pacific Ocean, Phycologia, 55:1, 55-64, DOI: 10.2216/15-114.1

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种属

相关

参考文献

外部链接