NGC 3201

NGC 3201
NGC 3201
	哈柏太空望遠鏡拍攝的NGC 3201；視野3.5′ ; Credit: NASA/STScI/WikiSky
觀測數據(J2000 曆元)
分類	X
星座	船帆座
赤經	10h 17m 36.82s
赤緯	–46° 24′ 44.9″
距離	16.3 kly（5.0 kpc）
視星等 (V)	+8.24
視直徑(V)	18′.2
物理性質
Mass	2.54×105 M☉
半徑	40 ly
VHB	14.77
金屬量	–1.24 dex
估計年齡	10.24 Gyr
其它名稱	GCl 15, GC 2068, h 3238, Dun 445, Bennett 44, Caldwell 79
	參見：球狀星團，球狀星團表

NGC 3201，即科德韋爾79（Caldwell 79），是位於船帆座，在低銀緯度上的球狀星團。它的恆星向中心的凝聚度非常低^[9]。該星團由詹姆士·敦洛普在1826年5月28日發現，並收錄於他的1827年天體目錄中。他對NGC 3201的描述為「一個相當大而明亮的星雲，角直徑約為4′或 5′，恆星逐漸向中心凝聚，並且在望遠鏡中容易被分辨出來。它的形狀非常不規則，並且恆星在其南方部分分佈相當分散」^[10]

概要

NGC 3201的徑向速度是不尋常高的490 km/s，高於其他已知的星團。而它的對應本動速度為240 km/s。NGC 3201的運動速度雖然高，但仍低於銀河系的逃逸速度^[10]。NGC 3201距離太陽約16300光年，質量估計為太陽的254000倍^[3]，年齡為102.4億年^[7]。

NGC 3201內的恆星分佈並不均勻，並且隨着與核心的距離變化。恆星的有效溫度變化隨着與核心的距離呈現正相關。較高溫恆星距離核心較遠，而低溫紅色恆星則聚集於核心附近。NGC 3201和M4直到2010年是已知僅有的兩個恆星分佈狀況如此不均勻的星團^[11]。

圖片集

天文學家發現NGC 3201核心處的黑洞Astronomers discovered a black hole at the heart of NGC 3201.^[12]
畫家筆下的NGC 3201核心雙黑洞系統想像圖。^[13]
拉西拉天文台口徑2.2公尺MPG/ESO望遠鏡的廣角影像器（Wide Field Imager，WFI）拍攝的NGC 3201彩色合成影像。

參考資料

^ Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B., A Classification of Globular Clusters, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, August 1927, (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Goldsbury, Ryan; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters, The Astronomical Journal, December 2010, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, arXiv:1008.2755 , doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Paust, Nathaniel E. Q.; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VIII. Effects of Environment on Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions, The Astronomical Journal, February 2010, 139 (2): 476–491, Bibcode:2010AJ....139..476P, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/476.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 SIMBAD Astronomical Object Database, Results for NGC 3201, [2006-11-16], （原始內容存檔於2019-05-01）.
^ Boyles, J.; et al, Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters, The Astrophysical Journal, November 2011, 742 (1): 51, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, arXiv:1108.4402 , doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.
^ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 40 ly. radius
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Forbes, Duncan A.; Bridges, Terry, Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, May 2010, 404 (3): 1203–1214, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.404.1203F, arXiv:1001.4289 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x.
^ NGC 3201, Deep Sky Observer's Companion, [2012-04-28], （原始內容存檔於2017-09-03）.
^ Webb, N. A.; Wheatley, P. J.; Barret, D., XMM-Newton X-ray and optical observations of the globular clusters M 55 and NGC 3201, 2005, Bibcode:2005yCat..34450155W, arXiv:astro-ph/0509085 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053010.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 O'Meara, Stephen James, The Caldwell Objects, Deep-Sky Companions, Cambridge University Press: 314–315, 2002, ISBN 0521827965.
^ Kravtsov, V.; et al, Evidence of the inhomogeneity of the stellar population in the differentially reddened globular cluster NGC 3201, Astronomy and Astrophysics, March 2010, 512: L6, Bibcode:2010A&A...512L...6K, arXiv:1004.5583 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913749.
^ Standout stars. www.spacetelescope.org. [22 January 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-02-04）.
^ Odd Behaviour of Star Reveals Lonely Black Hole Hiding in Giant Star Cluster. www.eso.org. [18 January 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-03-07）.

外部連結

Globular Cluster NGC 3201 at SEDS pages（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
WikiSky上關於NGC 3201的內容：DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, 氫α, X射線, 天文照片, 天圖, 文章和圖片
NGC 3201（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） at DOCdb (Deep Sky Observer's Companion)

[hcob849_11-1] Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B., A Classification of Globular Clusters, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, August 1927, (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.

[aj140_6_1830-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Goldsbury, Ryan; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters, The Astronomical Journal, December 2010, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, arXiv:1008.2755 , doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.

[aj139_2_476-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Paust, Nathaniel E. Q.; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VIII. Effects of Environment on Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions, The Astronomical Journal, February 2010, 139 (2): 476–491, Bibcode:2010AJ....139..476P, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/476.

[simbad-4] 4.0 ^4.1 SIMBAD Astronomical Object Database, Results for NGC 3201, [2006-11-16], （原始內容存檔於2019-05-01）.

[apj742_1_51-5] Boyles, J.; et al, Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters, The Astrophysical Journal, November 2011, 742 (1): 51, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, arXiv:1108.4402 , doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.

[6] stance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 40 ly. radius

[mnras404_3_1203-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Forbes, Duncan A.; Bridges, Terry, Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, May 2010, 404 (3): 1203–1214, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.404.1203F, arXiv:1001.4289 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x.

[dsoc-8] NGC 3201, Deep Sky Observer's Companion, [2012-04-28], （原始內容存檔於2017-09-03）.

[xiv0509085-9] Webb, N. A.; Wheatley, P. J.; Barret, D., XMM-Newton X-ray and optical observations of the globular clusters M 55 and NGC 3201, 2005, Bibcode:2005yCat..34450155W, arXiv:astro-ph/0509085 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053010.

[omeara2002-10] 10.0 ^10.1 O'Meara, Stephen James, The Caldwell Objects, Deep-Sky Companions, Cambridge University Press: 314–315, 2002, ISBN 0521827965.

[aaa512_L6-11] Kravtsov, V.; et al, Evidence of the inhomogeneity of the stellar population in the differentially reddened globular cluster NGC 3201, Astronomy and Astrophysics, March 2010, 512: L6, Bibcode:2010A&A...512L...6K, arXiv:1004.5583 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913749.

[12] Standout stars. www.spacetelescope.org. [22 January 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-02-04）.

[13] Odd Behaviour of Star Reveals Lonely Black Hole Hiding in Giant Star Cluster. www.eso.org. [18 January 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-03-07）.

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