剑心兰属
剑心兰属
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| Tolumnia velutina | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 单子叶植物 Monocots |
| 目： | 天门冬目 Asparagales |
| 科： | 兰科 Orchidaceae |
| 亚科： | 树兰亚科 Epidendroideae |
| 族： | 蕙兰族 Cymbidieae |
| 亚族： | 文心兰亚族 Oncidiinae |
| 属： | 剑心兰属 Tolumnia Raf. |
| 模式种 | |
| Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Raf.
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| 异名[1] | |
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剑心兰属（学名：Tolumnia），或音译为托伦兰属，缩写为Tolu.，[2]是兰科的一个属。该物种于1986年由圭多·布拉姆从文心兰属中分离出来。舞女兰（Dancing-lady orchid）是该属某些物种的通用名称。[3]
描述
[编辑]这些植物很小，通常是附生的，有小的或没有完全被叶子覆盖的假鳞茎，它们的横截面为三角形或圆形，在基部相互重叠，类似于扇子。它们的花序长在叶基之间，会开出艳丽的花朵。它们的唇瓣很大，由形状各异的愈伤组织装饰。合蕊柱（gynostemium）在柱头两侧有突出的翅膀。该属主要原产于大安的列斯群岛，少数物种延伸到佛罗里达、小安的列斯群岛、墨西哥、中美洲和南美洲北部（从哥伦比亚到法属圭亚那）。[1]
下属物种
[编辑]- Tolumnia arizajuliana (Withner & J.Jiménez Alm.) Ackerman, 1997
- Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia calochila (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia compressicaulis (Withner) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia gauntlettii (Withner & Jesup) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia gundlachii (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
- Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia haitiensis (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia hawkesiana (Moir) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia henekenii (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia leiboldi (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia lucayana (Nash) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Rafinesque, 1837
- Tolumnia quadriloba (Schweinf.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia scandens (Moir) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia sylvestris (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia triquetra (Sw.) Nir, 1994
- 豹心兰 Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia urophylla (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia usneoides (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia velutina (Lindl. & Paxton) Braem, 1986
异名
[编辑]- Tolumnia acunae (M. A. Diaz) Nir, 2000 (豹心兰的异名)
- Tolumnia borinquensis Sauleda & Ragan, 1996 (Tolumnia variegata的异名)
- Tolumnia caymanensis (Moir) Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia leiboldii的异名)
- Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. lemoniana Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia guianensis的异名)
- Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia guttata的异名)
杂交种
[编辑]- 此列表不完整。
剑心兰属与其他兰花属的杂交种被置于以下原属中：[4]
- Aspaleomnia (Alm.) = Tolumnia × Aspasia × Leochilus
- Bramiltumnia (Bmt.) = Tolumnia × Brassia × Miltonia
- Cochlumnia (Ccl.) = Tolumnia × Cochlioda
- Comparumnia (Cmr.) = Tolumnia × Comparettia
- Cuitlumnia (Ctn.) = Tolumnia × Cuitlauzina
- Golumnia (Glm.) = Tolumnia × Gomesa
- Tolucentrum (Tun.) = Tolumnia × Trichocentrum
- Toluglossum (Tgl.) = Tolumnia × Odontoglossum
- Tolumnopsis (Tmp.) = Tolumnia × Miltoniopsis
- Tolutonia (Tut.) = Tolumnia × Miltonia
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names, RHS, 2017. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/orchid-name-abbreviations-list.pdf （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- ^ Tolumnia. Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. [11 December 2015] （英语）.
- ^ Tolumnia | International Plant Names Index. [2023-04-25]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-01）.
- Nir, M. Orchidaceae Antillanae, 94–97, 2000.
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew : World Checklist of Monocotyledons
