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察合台汗

维基百科,自由的百科全书

察合台汗察合台汗国可汗,第一任可汗是成吉思汗次子察合台,1227年察合台获得原属西辽的封地。1680年察合台系的叶尔羌汗国被蒙古准噶尔汗国吞并,该汗位终止。

注意:以下列表并不完整,且有时会不完全准确。而且此列表未包含一些只统治了很少或不太重要的土地的察合台旁系。

察合台汗列表

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Titular Name Personal Name Reign
Khan
خان
察合台
چغتائی خان
1224–1242 C.E.
Khan
خان
哈剌旭烈
قارا ہلاکو
1242–1246 C.E. 1st Reign
Khan
خان
也速蒙哥
یہسو مونکو
1246–1251 C.E.
Khan
خان
木八剌沙
مبارک شاہ
His mother Orqina Khatun was regent during this time
1252–1260 C.E. 1st Reign
Khan
خان
阿鲁忽
الغو
1260–1266 C.E.
Khan
خان
木八剌沙
مبارک شاہ
1266 C.E. 2nd Reign
Khan
خان
八剌
غیاث الدین باراق
1266–1271 C.E.
海都 及其子察八儿从1270年至1304年为实际统治的汗王。当时察合台汗为他们所扶立,其实是他们的傀儡,但是当他们尝试实质统治,察合台汗都会反抗。
Khan
خان
聂古伯
نہگوبائی
Under Kaidu bin Kashin
1271–1272 C.E.
Khan
خان
秃里帖木儿
بغا تیمور بن قداقچی
Under Kaidu bin Kashin
1272 C.E.
Khan
خان
笃哇
دووا
Under Kaidu bin Kashin & Chapar bin Kaidu
1272–1306 C.E.
Restoration of Chagatai Khanate independence.
Khan
خان
宽阇
دووا
1306–1308 C.E.
Khan
خان
塔里忽
کونچہک
1308–1309 C.E.
Khan
خان
也先不花
تالقو بن قداقچی
1310–1320 C.E.
Khan
خان
怯别
قبق بن دووا
1320–1326 C.E. 1st Reign
Khan
خان
燕只吉台
ایشان بغا
1326–1329 C.E.
Khan
خان
都来帖木儿
قبق بن دووا
1329–1330 C.E. 2nd Reign
Khan
خان
答儿麻失里
 ?
1330–1334 C.E.
Khan
خان
不赞
دووا تیمور
1334–1335 C.E.
Khan
خان
敞失
علاء الدین تارماشیریں
1335–1338 C.E.
Khan
خان
也孙帖木儿
بوزان
1338–1342 C.E.
Khan
خان
阿里算端
چانگشی
1342 C.E.
Khan
خان
麻哈没的
یسون تیمور
1342–1343 C.E.
Khan
خان
合赞算端
علی سلطان
1343-1346 C.E.
During Amir Qazaghan's reign the Chagatai Khanate devolved into a loose confederation of tribes. This resulted in the Division of the Empire in 1347 C.E. into the Western Chagatai Khanate and Eastern part known as Moghulistan under Tughlugh Timur.
    • Blue Rows Signifies Nominal Rule.

西察合台汗国和东察合台汗国可汗

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西察合台汗国 东察合台汗国
答失蛮察
بیان قلی
Under Amir Qazaghan & Abdullah bin Qazaghan英语Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate)
1348–1358 C.E.
秃忽鲁帖木儿
تغلق تیمور
1347–1360 C.E.
拜延忽里
شاہ تیمور
Under Abdullah bin Qazaghan英语Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate)
1358 C.E.
秃忽鲁帖木儿
تغلق تیمور
(Tribes of Chagatai Khanate rebelled against Abdullah bin Qazaghan英语Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate) who was of the Qara'unas英语Qara'unas forcing him to retreat but the coalition of Suldus under Buyan Suldus英语Buyan Suldus and Barlas under Hajji Beg collapsed; anarchy reigned in Chagatai Khanate. This power vacuum allowed Tughlugh Timur to move in without much resistance only Hajji Beg英语Hajji Beg who was defiant had to make his escape. Tughlugh Timur then appointed Timur Gurkani as Chief of Barlas tribe and returned to his capital. However he was back in the region next year with the view of removing most Amirs and to consolidate his grip on his new conquered territory. He executed several amirs, including Amir Bayazid and Buyan Suldus英语Buyan Suldus. The son of Abdullah bin Qazaghan英语Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate) named Amir Husayn was the new Chief of the Qara'unas英语Qara'unas and resisted the powerful King of Moghulistan but was also defeated, however he would return after the king's death.Tughlugh Timur before leaving for his capital left his son Ilyas Khoja as viceroy of Chagatai Khanate region. The ruthlessness with which the Moghuls ruled the region caused many to oppose them, including Amir Husayn of the Qara'unas英语Qara'unas and Timur of the Barlas. Together they faced an army of Moghuls and local tribes loyal to Ilyas Khoja, and defeated them. Shortly afterwards, Tughlugh Timur died and Ilyas Khoja left for Moghulistan to take power. The tribes nominated and placed Adil-Sultan as nominal Khan of Chagatai Khanate.
1360–1363 C.E.
阿的勒算端
عادل سلطان
Under Tribal Confederation of Amir Husayn and Amir Timur
1363 C.E.
也里牙思火者
الیاس خوجہ
1363–1368 C.E.
合不勒沙
خابول شاہ
Under Amir Husayn
1364–1370 C.E.
哈马儿丁
قمر الدین خان دغلت
Usurper
1368–1392 C.E.
昔兀儿海迷失

Under Amir Timur
1370–1384 C.E.
麻哈没的算端
سلطان محمود خان
Under Amir Timur. Sultan Mahmud's death in 1402 marked the effective end of the line of Chagatai Khans in Transoxiana, who had long been mere figureheads and the rise of Timurid dynasty.
1384–1402 C.E.
黑的儿火者
خضر خوجہ
1389–1399
    • Transoxiana remained in the hands of Timur and his successors. For Continued list of Rulers of Moghulistan See below.

东察合台汗国可汗列表

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Titular Name(s) Personal Name Reign
Khan
خان
秃忽鲁帖木儿
تغلق تیمور
1348–1363 C.E.
Khan
خان
也里牙思火者
الیاس خوجہ
1363–1368 C.E.
Khan
خان
哈马儿丁
قمر الدین خان دغلت
1368–1392 C.E.
Khan
خان
黑的儿火者
خضر خوجہ
1389–1399 C.E.
Khan
خان
沙迷查干
شمس جہان
1399–1408 C.E.
Khan
خان
马哈麻
محمد خان
1408–1415 C.E.
Khan
خان
纳黑失只罕
نقش جہان
1415–1418 C.E.
Khan
خان
歪思汗
اویس خان
1418–1421 C.E.
1st reign
Khan
خان
失儿马黑麻
شیر محمد
1421–1425 C.E.
Khan
خان
歪思汗
اویس خان
1425–1429 C.E.
2nd reign
Khan
خان
萨图克
ستوق خان
1429–1434 C.E.
Khan
خان
也先不花二世
ایشان بغا ثانی
1429–1462 C.E.
Division of Moghulistan into Western Moghulistan and eastern Uyghurstan.
  • Green shaded row signifies rule of Usurper.

东察合台汗国东部吐鲁番汗国和西部叶尔羌汗国可汗

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蒙兀儿斯坦 吐鲁番汗国
羽奴思
یونس خان
1462–1469 C.E.
笃思忒马黑麻
دوست محمد خان
1462–1468 C.E.
怯别二世
قبق سلطان
1469 C.E.
羽奴思
یونس خان
1469–1487 C.E.
速檀马哈木
محمود خان
1487–1508 C.E.
速檀阿黑麻
احمد الاچ
1487–1503 C.E.
速檀满速儿
منصور خان
1503–1508 C.E.
速檀满速儿
منصور خان
1508–1514 C.E.
赛德
سلطان سعید خان
1514–1533 C.E.
速檀满速儿
منصور خان
1514–1548 C.E.
拉失德
عبد الرشید خان
1533–1560 C.E.
沙汗
شاہ خان
1543–1560 C.E.
阿不都哈林
عبد الکریم خان
1560-1591 C.E.
马速
محمد خان ابن منصور خان
1570 C.E.
Sultan Sa'id Khan after defeating Mirza Abu Bakr Dughlat established the Altishaher or union of 6 cities, a much reduced western half of Moghulistan. By this time the western half was referred to as Kashgaria and eastern half was referred to as Uyghurstan. During the reign of Abdur-Rashid Khan a certain Naqshbandi Sufi teacher Ahmad Kasan (1462–1542), known as Makhdum-i-Azam (the Great Master) came to Kashgar from Samarkand. His descendants, known as Makhdum Zadas and bearing title "Khoja", would play an important role in the history of the region from 16th–19th centuries. Makhdum's eldest son Muhammad Amin's (d.1598), son Muhammad Yūsuf settled in Kashgar and his son Khoja Hidayatullah better known as Afaq Khoja became the founder of the Afaqiya Sufi order (tariqa), and his followers became known as the Aq Taghliks, those of the "White Mountains", because of their close approximation to Tangri Tagh (Tian Shan). Makhdum's second son, Muhammad Ishaq Wali (d.1599), founder of Ishaqiya Sufi order, with his followers established themselves in Yarkand and became known as the Qara Taghliks, those of the "Black Mountains", because of their close approximation to the Pamir, Karakoram and Kunlun. The Kashgaria region gradually devolved into small city states with the Khojas as rivals post 1570 C.E.

叶尔羌汗国可汗

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叶尔羌国后代归附 和卓,一个受到蒙古准噶尔部影响的维吾尔人联盟。

吐鲁番汗国速檀(苏丹)

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叶尔羌汗国吞并

外部链接

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注解

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参见

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参考资料

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