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操演性

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操演性（英语：Performativity），或译作表演性、展演性，是指语言作为社会行为形式发挥作用、产生效果的术语。[1] 操演性，在人类学、社会地理学、文化地理学、经济学、性别研究、法学、语言学、戏剧理论、表演研究、历史、管理学和哲学等不同领域有多种应用与定义。

术语，来自语言哲学家约翰·奥斯丁的言语行为理论。奥斯丁提到了一种特别的能力：通过言语和交流，来采取行动，或达成某项行动。奥斯丁将其与陈述叙说（英语：constative utterance）区分开来，称为操演叙说（英语：performative utterance）。奥斯丁定义陈述叙说为可以“评估为真或假”的语句。而操演叙说[注 1]的常见例子，有：承诺、打赌、举行婚礼、示威者宣布罢工、或法官宣布裁决。 [1]

受奥斯汀影响，性别研究哲学家朱迪思·巴特勒认为，性别是通过日常的言语行为和非语言行为在社会上构建的，有助于定义和维持身份。[2] 这种性别操演性的观点颠覆了身份是言语、手势等次生行为的原因。相反，性别操演性将行动、行为和手势也视为是形成个人身份的原因，而不只是结果，而个人身份在不断通过言语行为和象征性交流中得到重新定义。[1] 巴特勒的此观点也受到了傅柯、阿图塞等哲学家的影响。[3]

参考

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注

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  1. ^ 或翻作“践行叙说”、“展演叙说”等

注脚

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Cavanaugh, Jillian R. Performativity. Anthropology. 10 March 2015 [10 October 2017]. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780199766567-0114. （原始内容存档于2023-03-21）. 
  2. ^ Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble. New York: Routledge. 1990. 
  3. ^ Cultural Studies and Discourse Analysis – Barker & Galasinski

延伸阅读

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  • Austin, J. L. 1962. How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Austin, J. L. 1970. "Performative Utterances." In Austin, "Philosophical Papers", 233–52. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Bakhtin, Mikhail. "Discourse in the Novel", The dialogic imagination : four essays; edited by Michael Holquist; translated by Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist Austin: University of Texas Press, c1981.
  • Barad, Karen. 2003. "Posthumanist Performativity: Toward and Understanding of How Matter Comes to Matter." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 28.3: 801–831.
  • Boldyrev, Ivan and Svetlova, Ekaterina. 2016. Enacting Dismal Science: New Perspectives on the Performativity of Economics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Brickell, Chris. 2005. "Masculinities, Performativity, and Subversion: A Sociological Reappraisal." Men and Masculinities 8.1: 24–43.
  • Brisset, Nicolas. 2017. "On performativity: Option Theory and the Resistance of Financial Phenomena". Journal of the History of Economic Thought. 39(4) : 549–569. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1053837217000128
  • Brisset, Nicolas. 2019. Economics and Performativity. Exploring limits,Theories and Cases. Routledge INEM Advances in Economic Methodology.
  • Butler, Judith. 1993. Bodies that Matter. On the Discursive Limits of Sex. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Butler, Judith. 1997. Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Butler, Judith. 2000. "Critically Queer", in Identity: A Reader. London: Sage Publications.
  • Butler, Judith. 2010. "Performative Agency", in Journal of Cultural Economy 3:2, 147–161. doi: 10.1080/17530350.2010.494117.
  • Callon, Michel. 1998. "Introduction: the Embeddedness of Economic Markets in Economics". In M. Callon (ed.), The Laws of the Markets. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Derrida, Jacques. 1971. "Signature, Event, Context", in Limited, inc., Evanston: Northwestern Univ. Press, 1988.
  • Dunn, R.G. 1997. "Self, Identity and Difference: Mead and the Poststructuralists." Sociological Quarterly 38.4: 687–705.
  • Felluga, Dino. "Modules on Butler". Retrieved on 10/30/06 from Modules on Butler II: Performativity （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
  • Felman, Shoshana. 1980/2003. The Scandal of the Speaking Body: Don Juan With J.L. Austin, or Seduction in Two Languages. Translated by Catherine Porter. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Garfinkel, Harold. 1967. Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Goffman, Erving. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Garden City, NY: Anchor.
  • Glass, Michael & Rose-Redwood, Reuben. 2014. Performativity, Politics, and the Production of Social Space. New York: Routledge.
  • Goffman, Erving. 1976. "Gender Display" and "Gender Commercials." Gender Advertisements. New York: Harper and Row.
  • Goffman, Erving. 1983. "Frame Analysis of Talk." The Goffman Reader, Lemert and Branaman, eds., Blackwell, 1997.
  • Green, Adam Isaiah. 2007. "Queer Theory and Sociology: Locating the Subject and the Self in Sexuality Studies." Sociological Theory 25.1: 26–45.
  • Hall, Stuart. 2000. "Who Needs Identity?" In Identity: A Reader. London: Sage Publications.
  • Hawkes, David. 2020. The Reign of Anti-logos: Performance in Postmodernity (Palgrave Insights into Apocalypse Economics), London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kessler, Suzanne, and Wendy McKenna. 1978. Gender: An Ethnomethodological Approach. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Kulick, Don. No. Language & Communication. April 2003, 23 (2): 139–151. doi:10.1016/S0271-5309(02)00043-5.  Pdf.
  • Lloyd, Moya. 1999. "Performativity, Parody, Politics", Theory, Culture & Society, 16(2), 195–213.
  • Matynia, Elzbieta. 2009. Performative Democracy. Boulder: Paradigm.
  • Membretti, Andrea. 2009. "Per un uso performativo delle immagini nella ricerca-azione sociale", Lo Squaderno n.12 (http://www.losquaderno.professionaldreamers.net/?p=1101 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）)
  • McKenzie, Jon. "Perform or Else: From Discipline to Performance." London: Routledge, 2001.
  • McKenzie, Jon, Heike Roms, and C. J. Wan-ling. Wee. "Contesting Performance: Global Sites of Research." Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
  • Muñoz, Performing Disidentifications. Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics. 1999.
  • Oliver, Kelly. 2003. "What Is Transformative about the Performative? From Repetition to Working Through." In Ann Cahill and Jennifer Hansen, eds., Continental Feminism Reader.
  • Parker and Sedgwick, Introduction: Performativity and Performance. Performativity and Performance. 1995.
  • Pickering, Andrew. 1995. The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Robinson, Douglas. 2003. Performative Linguistics: Speaking and Translating as Doing Things With Words. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Robinson, Douglas. 2006. Introducing Performative Pragmatics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Roudavski, Stanislav. 2008. Staging Places as Performances: Creative Strategies for Architecture （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (PhD, University of Cambridge)
  • Rosaldo, Michele. 1980. The things we do with words: Ilongot speech acts and speech act theory in philosophy. Language in Society 11: 203–237.
  • Searle, John. 1969. "Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sedgwick, Eve Kosovsky. 2003. Touching Feeling: Affect, Pedagogy, Performativity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • West, Candace and Don Zimmerman. 1987. "Doing Gender." Gender and Society 1.2: 121–151.
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