升糖素 (藥物)
外觀
臨床資料 | |
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商品名 | Glucagen, Baqsimi, Gvoke, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682480 |
核准狀況 | |
懷孕分級 | |
給藥途徑 | 鼻腔給藥, 靜脈注射, 肌肉注射, 皮下注射 |
ATC碼 | |
法律規範狀態 | |
法律規範 |
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識別資訊 | |
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CAS號 | 16941-32-5 |
PubChem CID | |
IUPHAR/BPS | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
KEGG | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
化學資訊 | |
化學式 | C153H225N43O49S |
摩爾質量 | 3,482.80 g·mol−1 |
3D模型(JSmol) | |
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升糖素(Glucagon)是一種激素也是藥品[9]。用於治療低血糖、 Β受體阻滯劑過量、鈣離子通道阻滯劑中毒及使用腎上腺素後症狀未改善的嚴重過敏反應[10]。給藥方式為靜脈注射、肌肉注射或皮下注射[10]。也有鼻腔給藥的版本[11]。
常見副作用包括嘔吐[10]。其他副作用包括低鉀血症和低血壓[9]。不建議嗜鉻細胞瘤或胰島素瘤患者使用[10]。懷孕期使用尚無危害嬰兒的記錄[12]。升糖素屬於胰腺激素類藥物[10]。作用原理是促使肝臟將糖原分解為葡萄糖[10]。
升糖素於 1960 年在美國取得醫療使用許可[10]。名列世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單[13]。它是人工合成的升糖素[10]。學名藥於 2020 年 12 月在美國上市[14]。
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Glucagon Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 16 October 2019 [16 May 2020].
- ^ Baqsimi Product information. Health Canada. [2024-03-30].
- ^ GlucaGen Hypokit 1 mg - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). (emc). 15 June 2015 [16 May 2020].
- ^ Glucagon kit. DailyMed. [27 February 2021].
- ^ Baqsimi- glucagon powder. DailyMed. [27 February 2021].
- ^ Baqsimi EPAR. European Medicines Agency. 17 October 2019 [27 February 2021].
- ^ Ogluo EPAR. European Medicines Agency (EMA). 9 December 2020 [27 February 2021].
- ^ Ogluo Product information. Union Register of medicinal products. [3 March 2023].
- ^ 9.0 9.1 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 487. ISBN 9780857111562.
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 Glucagon. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [8 December 2016]. (原始內容存檔於26 December 2016).
- ^ FDA approves first treatment for severe hypoglycemia that can be administered without an injection. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (新聞稿). 24 July 2019 [16 May 2020].
- ^ Glucagon (GlucaGen) Use During Pregnancy. www.drugs.com. [27 December 2016]. (原始內容存檔於27 December 2016).
- ^ World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ FDA Approves First Generic of Drug Used to Treat Severe Hypoglycemia. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (新聞稿). 28 December 2020 [28 December 2020].
外部連結
[編輯]- Glucagon Nasal Powder. MedlinePlus.