硒氰酸鹽

硒氰酸鹽
識別
CAS號	5749-48-4
PubChem	76961
SMILES	[Se-]C#N;
性質
化學式	SeCN−
莫耳質量	104.98 g·mol⁻¹
	若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

硒氰酸鹽是一類含有硒氰酸根離子（SeCN⁻）的鹽類，常見的有硒氰酸鉀、硒氰酸鈉等。其酸HNCSe只存在於溶液中。^[1]

性質

硒氰酸鹽在鹽酸中不穩定，放出氰化氫並析出紅硒：

SeCN⁻ + H⁺ → HCN + Se

硒氰酸根離子可以多聚，形成含有諸如(SeCN)₃^-、(NCSe)₂I^-的化合物。

硒氰酸的Cd²⁺、Hg²⁺、Pb²⁺、Ag⁺鹽都是難溶於水的固體。硒氰酸銨不穩定，肼鹽則存在著如下平衡：N₂H₅NCSe ↔ H₂N⁻CSe⁻NH⁻NH₂。Fe²⁺鹽的製備，無論是固體還是溶液，都未曾得到過^[2]，而鐵單質亦可使SeCN⁻分解，產生CN⁻並析出Se^[3]，儘管如此，其配合物是已知的。^[4]

硒氰酸根和其它鹵素或擬鹵素的活性比較如下（越在左側越容易被氧化）：^[1]

SeCN⁻ > I⁻ > SCN⁻ > CN⁻ > Br⁻ > N₃^- > Cl⁻ > OCN⁻ > CNO⁻ > F⁻

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Golub, A M; Skopenko, Viktor V. METAL SELENOCYANATES AND THEIR PROPERTIES. Russian Chemical Reviews (IOP Publishing). 1965-12-31, 34 (12): 901–908. ISSN 0036-021X. doi:10.1070/rc1965v034n12abeh001573.
^ Crookes, William Von. Ueber die Selencyanide. Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie. 1851, 78 (2): 177–187. ISSN 0075-4617. doi:10.1002/jlac.18510780207.
^ Xiaoguang Meng, Sunbaek Bang, George P Korfiatis. Removal of selenocyanate from water using elemental iron. Water Research, 2002. 30(15): 3867–3873
^ Christopher J. Adams, et al. Iron(II) thio- and selenocyanate coordination networks containing 3,3'-bipyridine. Cryst Eng Comm, 2011, 13, 4909

參見

[Golub-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Golub, A M; Skopenko, Viktor V. METAL SELENOCYANATES AND THEIR PROPERTIES. Russian Chemical Reviews (IOP Publishing). 1965-12-31, 34 (12): 901–908. ISSN 0036-021X. doi:10.1070/rc1965v034n12abeh001573.

[2] Crookes, William Von. Ueber die Selencyanide. Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie. 1851, 78 (2): 177–187. ISSN 0075-4617. doi:10.1002/jlac.18510780207.

[3] Xiaoguang Meng, Sunbaek Bang, George P Korfiatis. Removal of selenocyanate from water using elemental iron. Water Research, 2002. 30(15): 3867–3873

[4] Christopher J. Adams, et al. Iron(II) thio- and selenocyanate coordination networks containing 3,3'-bipyridine. Cryst Eng Comm, 2011, 13, 4909

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