用户:虹易/临时：维基媒体运动
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维基媒体运动（英语：Wikimedia movement）是一个维基媒体计划的全球性志愿者社区。这一运动起初围绕著维基百科被创立，此后扩展至许多其他项目，其中包括有著大约7万人的维基百科社区[1]、其他诸如维基数据、维基共享资源的项目以及有著志愿软体开发者做贡献的Mediawiki。这些项目的志愿者们被世界上很多组织支持，其中包括主要的维基基金会、相关分会、专题组织以及用户群组。
社区
[编辑]维基百科社区是线上百科全书维基百科的志愿者社区。它包含了编辑（或贡献者）和管理员 (维基百科)。
项目
[编辑]维基媒体计划 include:
- 百科全书：维基百科；
- 字典：维基字典；
- 教科书：维基教科书；
- 新闻：维基新闻；
- 名人语录：维基语录；
- 原始文献：维基文库；
- 教育性材料：维基学院；
- 旅游指南：维基导游；
- 存放诸如图像、视频和资料的数据仓库：维基共享资源。
组织
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维基媒体基金会
[编辑]维基媒体基金会（英语：Wikimedia Foundation，或缩写作 WMF）是一个总部在旧金山的美国非盈利慈善组织。它运作本运动大多数网站，且拥有相关域名，例如网络百科全书维基百科和维基共享资源。
The WMF was founded in 2003 by Jimmy Wales as a way to fund Wikipedia and its sister projects through non-profit means. Its purpose is "... to empower and engage people around the world to collect and develop educational content under a free license or in the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and globally."[2][3][4]
According to the WMF's 2015 financial statements, in 2015 the WMF had a budget of $72 million USD, spending $52 million USD on its operation, and increasing its reserves to $82 million USD.[5]
Chapters
[编辑]Chapters are organizations that support Wikimedia projects in specified geographical regions, mostly countries. Currently, there are 41 chapters.
Wikimedia Deutschland (WMDE) is the largest chapter, with a total budget of 20 million EUR. WMDE allocates approximately 1 million EUR to support the corporation responsible for distributing donations, and 4 million EUR for transfer to the WMF.[6][7]
To have the same procedure, every chapter follows the same process and requests its yearly budget at the funds dissemination committee. The foundation as internet domain owner of the project pages requests a share of the donations via the website in a country (e.g. for Germany, Switzerland), or pays a chapter the agreed amount (other chapters). A total of under 4 Mio USD is distributed via this way to chapters and thematic organizations.[8] The legal base is a "Chapters Agreement" with the foundation.[9]
Thematic organizations
[编辑]Thematic organizations are founded to support Wikimedia projects in a focal area. Currently one such organization exists.[8][10]
User groups
[编辑]User groups have less formal requirements than chapters and thematic organizations. They support and promote the Wikimedia projects locally or on a specific theme, topic, subject, or issue. Beginning of 2016 55 user groups exist.[11] Once they are recognized by the Affiliations Committee, they enter into a "User Groups Agreement and Code of Conduct" with the foundation.[12]
References
[编辑]- ^ http://reportcard.wmflabs.org/ Statistics, accessed 2016-04-20.
- ^ Jimmy Wales. Announcing Wikimedia Foundation. mail:wikipedia-l. June 20, 2003 [November 26, 2012].
- ^ Neate, Rupert. Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales goes bananas. The Daily Telegraph. October 7, 2008 [October 25, 2009].
The encyclopedia's huge fan base became such a drain on Bomis's resources that Mr. Wales, and co-founder Larry Sanger, thought of a radical new funding model – charity.
- ^ WMF Bylaws, Article II, Statement of Purpose, accessed 2016-04-20.
- ^ WIKIMEDIA FOUNDATION, INC. Financial Statements, June 30, 2015 and 2014,
- ^ Chapters, accessed 2016-04-20.
- ^ Jahresplan WMDE 2016, accessed 2016-04-20.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 annual plan grants, accessed 2016-04-20
- ^ chapters creation guide
- ^ What are Wikimedia thematic organizations?, accessed 2016-04-20.
- ^ Wikimedia User Groups
- ^ Wikimedia User groups creation guide